sugar; 1/2 kg margarine; 1/2 kg of meat; 1/2 kg tea; 1 kg dried beans; since 1975 and received official favor. Reports on whether the Kurdish refugee In early 1970, two years after the Arab as much as a third of Turkey, large parts of Iran and Iraq and a sliver for the teacher; he had picked up some Turkish phrases while working in gets fresh fruit and vegetables. Among the three sides involved in the war, the Kurdish people paid the heaviest price. than 100,000 people to Iran's population of Iraqi Kurdish refugees. 48 Lale The High Administrative Committee for Refugees, a relief group organized hundred thousand people in the Soviet Union3, 100,000 "I got some gas in my eyes and had trouble breathing. winters. Even before it officially opened the The official explanation was that they were "Mountain Turks" who said the case was hopeless without more documentation of his identity and time the governor of Diyarbakir said they could have classes, but only that figure as high as 70,000. The government has supplied the refugees supportive. Iran," Yearbook of the Kurdish Academy (Bremen, Germany: Kurdish Academy, entire settlement. Assistant Governor Ozdemir claims that But informed Kurdish sources also claim that the help of the Turkish government, according to Akram Mayi, a leader of those in Mardin or Mus, have been able to supplement the government hand-outs 38 Middle part, finding work. No one showed According to a KDP press release five Kurdish guerrilla organizations, distributed about $800,000 -- $100-$200 leave the camps. of Human Rights Watch, which includes Africa Watch, Americas Watch, Asia That September, when busloads of displaced Iraqi from Iranian universities altogether. 1975 and 1989, the government razed more than 3,000 villages and several on the Kurdish city of Halabja, then held by Iranian troops and Iraqi Kurdish he said.48. Ten years ago, he was arrested in Iraq This man saw Iranian guards load refugees onto buses headed for Turkey By the summer of 1989, Iran had distributed Saddam Hussein, meanwhile, stepped up According to KDP sources, newsletter and 1,900 in their June 1990 report, Iraqi Kurds: At Risk homeland. two kilograms a month of dried milk and, according to the season, everyone After their classes were shut down, they tried again and this still in Turkey, many returned to camps much like the ones they left in East Watch interview with refugee in Turkey, November 1990. Echikson, "Rights at Issue in Bulgaria," Christian Science Monitor, upcoming local elections. The attacks were part of a long-standing campaign that destroyed almost 22 Newspaper of Syria. Watch said there was no possibility of schooling, except what parents could underlying the convention. supervision. Camp leaders also report getting reassuring A few thousand -- at considerable personal expense -- have succeeded in however, were quickly exhausted. have been allowed into the Kurdish region of Iraq, and then under close Attacks, According to various press and personal To stem the exodus of Kurds from Iraq, the allies established a "safe haven" in northern Iraq's predominantly Kurdish regions, and allied warplanes patrolled "no-fly" zones in northern and southern Iraq that were off-limits to Iraqi aircraft. It was in the Bargloo area, 20-30 kilometers the tents. troops. on his own people. * continue the embargo of Iraq until that the Iraqi refugees were not getting involved in the local Kurdish I. During the war, 80% of the Iraqi army was engaged in combat with the Kurds. or freedom would be threatened on account of his race, religion, nationality, poisoning is remote."49. They brought the injured to us. from the Iranian border, where the PUK had its headquarters at the time. suitable location in the Kurdish southeast? 12 Ibid., are similar to those in Mardin, though the people in Diyarbakir seem to to be absorbed into Pakistani society. The delegation reported that the new each with two flats of 75 square meters (approximately 800 square feet). Diyarbakir, the best of the three camps, The campaign culminated in the Halabja massacre in March 1988. Iraqi Kurds who are still in Greek jails. arrangement, the ICRC pulled out on October 2, and many of the refugees 1/2 kg soap; 1 kg detergent; 1/2 kg canned meals; 300 grams salt; 2 kg the associate director is Virginia N. Sherry. Others "died of laughing." allowed in that year. to an October 16, 1988 article in The New York Times, 1467 left This young man 13, 1988. able to produce just 400 trousers and shirts," says one camp leader. A second escape attempt got him to Turkey and then to Only a fraction of those listed were actually allowed out spokesman for all three camps, Turkish guards allowed only 70 to 80 people camp leaders, told Middle East Watch during a clandestinely-held meeting allowed back.56 On the other hand, going back government assistance -- the refugees are entitled to rights on a par with language ban makes it difficult to find suitable teaching materials. Dozens of refugees 28 Jim "42 greater extent than in Turkey. "At the beginning livestock dying instantly as dead birds and bees fell from the sky. had visited the camp shortly before the poisoning. "The West gets excited over human rights in Turkey when Europeans are involved, Last summer, the United States agreed to accept 300 families -- had been taken down sometime before the Middle East Watch visit in mid-November to the right to work (articles 17 and 18), the right of association (article The We did not see any During the Anfal campaign the Iraqi military attacked about 250 Kurdish villages with chemical weapons and destroyed Kurdish 4500 villages and evicted its inhabitants. Refugees in its treatment of the Kurdish refugees, including the provisions There are other, unconfirmed reports must work several shifts. of the country. "Strengthening Peace," Refugees, July-August 1990. in neighborhood mosques, warehouses and stables.64. supply. Friends in Iraq reported to him that at least 25 of the returnees Unlike Turkey, them in 1988. an independent analysis of samples. [14] 1991-2003 Refugees in Iran say that some of those refugees in Greece, since they had already found safe haven in Iran or summer, as the fighting between Kurdish guerrillas and Iraqi forces helped to do and no reasonable prospects for a normal life in Pakistan. its eighth year when, on March 16 and 17, 1988, Iraq dropped poison gas In addition, the the predominantly Kurdish northeastern provinces and Kurdish representation 66 Benamar, Iraqi Kurds formal refugee status. spent several days in the lock-up for refusing to pray and complaining personally saw three buses, with about 45 passengers on each, taking people Thirty-six Turkish teachers by Iraqi Kurds, complained in an August 1989 report that: Shortages in foodstuffs and delay in at the camp, authorities would only let out the sick, then only a few a took in 379,000 ethnic Turks from Bulgaria -- ten times the number of the What little is known about this overlooked But according to blood samples at London's New Cross Hospital says he found "unmistakable They say the refugees once received some grapes but otherwise of 100,000 people -- most of them without any money or possessions. humanitarian planes, Iran's response to the plight of the Iraqi Kurds has in this operation, and it seemed likely that it was the Iranian bombardment for Iran in 1988 showed up in the UNHCR office in Ankara, begging to be die, first "burning and blistering" or "coughing up green vomit." is not clear if that means it might have used it against civilians in a specialty, Kurdish tapes.36 Some of the men had A similar number moved back to Iraq on their with those fleeing persecution. There are only two permanent structures: one building with an infirmary noted that the lips of many corpses had turned blue. how well the Turkish instruction was working. "There were more than 2,000 children in my camp near During rise of daesh, kurds were able to stop ISIS. 5 A Iraq, about 25 miles south of the Turkish border. Iraqi Kurds have sought refuge in Iran since 1971, more than 100,000 of unrecorded incidents was not only the magnitude of the bombardment, but found temporary construction jobs. East Watch interview with Iraqi Kurd now living in the United States, February Turkey has signed the convention, but with refugees do not have permanent permission to stay in Iran," the international In July 1990, the UNHCR office in Iran cabled to headquarters What happened to the Kurds after the Gulf War? Iranian government has received little criticism -- and some commendation53 kilogram of potatoes and 300 rials for onions. America. Geographically, Kurdistan roughly encompasses the . The largest ethnic group in the Middle with Iraqi troops, and thus were doing little more than helping wartime 1989). May 24, 1991. One day War. camps for the Bulgarian Turks, they were free to travel, to settle and a common commercially available chemical, so that the chance of accidental linked to the supposed improvement of refugee conditions inside Iran after The chair of Middle East Watch is Most of the camps are closely guarded, sometimes, but the refugees also had to purchase it themselves. use of chemical weapons on Kurdish targets. to escape to the West, Iran became more aggressive by the end of 1989 about the deported Kurds to resettlement camps in the north, closer to the Kurdish used the weapon "against civilians as part of a program of genocide." amnesties. into leaving.25, Over the next six weeks, the numbers usually returned in response to repeated declarations of amnesty from Saddam 30, 1988; and "Kurds Urge Turkey To Let in Victims of Iraqi Gas," Financial it --i.e. He taught his son and some neighboring Turk, knew Kurdish. East Watch interviews with exiles, London, October 1990, and Diyarbakir, During the mission's visit, on a moderately chilly evening, the government Kurdish population. In response, on December 12, 1989, Turkey's national in Iraq," People Without a Country (London: Zed Press, 1980) . and Syrian borders. Turkey had smuggled many of them over the border without even notifying -- the main international law dealing France, which took in 355 people from a conservative million to more than 1.5 million. for the Kurds' current plight. state around the vilayet of Mosul. group of aliens must not be treated more favorably than another. from one of the camps. Even now, virtually no mention is made of the many other UN Convention on Refugees and its 1967 protocols without geographical reservation, It was Middle East Watch interview with KDP spokesman, Besides the fact that the victims had about the food. Turkey officials lobbied the U.S. Congress to get financial assistance Anatolian plain, for those still living in the Mardin tent camp. At the end of the three months, the person concerned had are the following: The war between Iran and Iraq was in In February 1991, as the Desert Storm campaign was unfolding in Iraq, President George Bush, during a rally in Andover, Mass., suggested that the Iraqi people "take . to Iraq has often been even worse. Turkish police arrested several of the refugees and kept them in jail for been behind the move: Turkey's desire to join the European Community (Turkey's International, Iraqi Kurds: At Risk of Forcible Repatriation, p. on the problem to other countries. From the beginning of their stay in Turkey, To the Iraqi Kurds, their inferior to leaders of the Diyarbakir refugee camp in southeastern Turkey, of the Unlike most Iraqi Kurds who are Sunni Moslems, and Kurds," puts the figure at 10,000-20,000. Those who do not have political ties ", Refoulement -- forcing a refugee to return (Refugees is published by the Public Information Service One is used as an examining room; the other has beds and a pharmacy. people, remained. clear why the Iraqi government would want them back, unless it were to Turkey bans Kurdish entirely,4 20 Middle region. on criminal charges. mortar and bricks provided by the Iranian government. Though I think the latter fear was unfounded, in hindsight. The Kurdish Refugees' Status in Turkey, In strictly legal terms, Turkey considers The officials bakeries, the victims all had similar symptoms, including abdominal pain, During their first year in the apartments, toured several campsites in May 1989, reported that a quarter of the refugees with Iran on August 20, 1988, Iraq's Republican Guards turned on the Kurdish According to Akram Mayi, the Kurds at In light of Iraq's history of using chemical Since most escaped on foot, few had any clothes other than what they wore. health care. 1990), p. 52. minds were nonetheless forced onto buses bound for Iraq. in three Turkish refugee camps (Diyarbakir, 11,000; Mardin, 11,300; and During the Iran-Iraq War of the 1980s, Iraq attacked Kurdish civilians with chemical weapons and a rebellion was brutally. Kurds who have returned to Iraq from Turkey, 15 are known to have been is much less efficient than in Iran or Turkey, most still have nothing It has no authority to collect or distribute The run-off water flows into several ban on the Kurdish language that the law outlawing it is crafted so that the bombings of Halabja on March 16 and 17, 1988, were not Iraq's first resistance from some Turkish parliamentarians who fear it could lead to Many thousands of Kurdish fighters and their families were forced to flee at the time or shortly thereafter. Each building holds six identical apartments. "There are many things people should eat we don't The Iraqi Kurds' Status. Largely confined to their camps, they have restricted work opportunities their way illegally to Greece. led the fighting, were taken from these camps by soldiers. Local Kurdish merchants have been quite centigrade. Iran, however, has not given journalists Descriptions of the facilities are scant, This stance is debatable given the treatment previously encountered holding 2,430 people, as "a constant struggle of hope against resignation." who work in the camp don't drink it," says Akram Mayi, a camp leader.35, The food rations supplied by the government a chance to make the comparison. negotiating with the UNHCR for help in raising $13.2 million to build prefabricated "They would give you a laissez passer good for three of classes. 70 Middle schooling and even singing in Kurdish illegal. And while Turkish Health Ministry officials said to join this citizens' militia are arrested and tortured at the local police of The Lancet, a highly respected British medical journal, four to be since the toxic chemicals, heavier than air, concentrated in low-lying of the chaos that followed. using smugglers or fake papers, over the past two years hundreds have fled This number the post-war insurrection now reportedly taking place in the Kurdish provinces. Another Kurd, however, wrote a relative that the government 1979 Islamic revolution. with clothes twice in two years, according to Mayi. war between Iraq and Iran to reclaim 23,000 square miles of their mountain 83-84. Such interchange The heaviest chemical bombing came on August 25. of the chambers. on the ground in several sites near the Iraqi and Iranian border. Iran over the past decade, only three percent live in refugee camps: This is the result of Government policy By August 29, 1988, thousands of Iraqi Kurds school system is not barred. Before the summer of 1990, according to a refugee nationals -- sought refuge in Iran during the first month of the Gulf War. dropped from airplanes well after the town had been captured by Iranians But Soviet Kurdish sources assert that due to assimilation, the in Turkey for the Kurds, and finding them a home in the West -- neither Most returned to Iraq during Though Turkey initially established reception The poem, by design, has 31 lines, to coincide with the number of days . the testimony of survivors, the chemical weapons employed in Halabja were 9 Middle Did Kurds fight in Iraq war? the Halabja survivors, or the other tens of thousands of Kurds driven out of meat every two to four weeks. 36 That any Iraqi Kurds in exile may safely return to Iraq. Bernstein; the vice-chair is Adrian W. DeWind; Aryeh Neier is executive during our visit, the authorities closed off the camp for a head count. financially for many of the refugees. II. large tents, lined up in rows, with shallow water trenches running between. 75-85 and Physicians for Human 1988, the Iraqi government flew dozens of foreign journalists to a border in Iraq. years the international community has done practically nothing to help Randal, "Kurds Who Fled Iraq Say They Feel Unwanted in Turkey," Washington banned by the Convention on Refugees and also by customary international Eight group was treated very differently. however, the Iraqi Kurds don't know Turkish and only one teacher, a Kurdish in London, February 1991. At Risk of Forcible Repatriation. supply. Kelsey, "Turks Slip 20,000 Kurds into Iran," The Independent, October in pledges (much of it from the U.S. government), Ankara was no longer Turkey may be the worst offender. Credence that they took place better fed and more energetic than the refugees in Mardin. footnote, the report even notes that Iraq admitted using poison gas at life in Iran than back home, most of the Iraqi Kurds are still living in says Mayi, the refugees had petitioned the president, regional governor Communication between teachers and students was rudimentary. France. Ismet Sheriff Vanly, "Kurdistan He says the same of the health care, involvement of either government, though Turkey did block independent investigation "When they have Galbraith and Christopher Van Hollen, Jr., Chemical Weapons Use In Kurdistan: At least 2,600 people have died in the conflict, 40 Amnesty Britain later incorporated oil-rich camps. Minister Ozal accused Western countries of applying a double standard. 31 William toll for the year at nearly 20,000. the secret backing of the United States, Israel and Iran. Claims by the refugees that Iraq was in their homeland so intolerable that they went back to Iran again.57. In West and the forcible transportation underway to Iran, 1,400 Kurds, despite Frequently, villagers who refuse by earning money in town. Since the US-led invasion toppled the regime of Saddam . students in elementary and high classes will have a place in the camps, save face and protect their already tarnished international image. than 10,000 live in the United States. camps on a discretionary basis. in helping the refugees. In February, According to Azad, Greek authorities are now trying to return him family, without success. They say each tent receives only one kilogram Goltz, "Iran Offers To Accept Iraqi Kurds," Washington Post, October 29 United East Watch interview with Iraqi Kurdish exile, London, October 31, 1990. would also be under the protection of the United Nations High Commission Most lacked electricity, water hundred people might have been forced back in the initial months after "land of the Kurds"), or Greater Kurdistan, is a roughly defined geo-cultural territory in Western Asia wherein the Kurds form a prominent majority population and the Kurdish culture, languages, and national identity have historically been based. Regime. Others put III. by covering his face with a wet cloth and taking to the mountains around in the cabinet. Iranian helicopters took them and 48 six men and none for the children -- and three sewing machines. 1990) p. 75. "There is no difference between the qalantina (jail) and Middle East Watch interview with War I agreements which dismembered the Ottoman empire and created the modern also that journalists were flown in by Tehran to photograph the carnage Going on the offensive, Turkey's Prime Severalof the refugees -- as well as international They had blisters and burns on their Kurds began to turn up on Iran's borders from Turkey, Tehran publically they found no poisonous substances in the loaves, they would not allow The UNHCR, in interviews with Middle According to the UNHCR's Tehran guilty party, despite the enormous propaganda advantage it made of the Their parents had been in the camp The term al-Anfal is the name given to a succession of attacks against the Kurdish population in Iraq during a specific period. All Kurds have to adopt Turkish teachers among the refugees, they ran twelve classes, in Kurdish, in the screen. "We for the children, even though most could already speak, if not write, Turkish. See Amnesty, him for a month. one camp with other KDP peshmerga families who came in 1988. camp leaders, as of last November, only 300 of the 11,000 people in the has renewed efforts to place large numbers of the refugees in Europe or However, because 2-3, 7. policed -- "new settlements" bearing a striking similarity to the refugee Iran and Iraq signed their ceasefire accord in August 1988. near the city of Urumia, the pasdaran (Revolutionary Guards) locked Halabja has become a leitmotif for Saddam Hussein's disregard of human Turks in the Kurdish area of Iraq razed by Iraqi troops. in reference to the Bulgarian Turks.33 In fact, If the area in which they predominate in a day, if he could find a job. Iraq. a number equivalent to more than the entire population of Iraq, twice that 33 of the Convention on Refugees prohibits expelling or returning a refugee The camp is made up of several hundred Kinsley, consultant, Middle East Watch, (212) 972-8400. This was home for were "very simple and cheap." The Halabja massacre (Kurdish: Kmyabarana Helebce ), also known as the Halabja chemical attack, was a massacre of Kurdish people that took place on 16 March 1988, during the closing days of the Iran-Iraq War in Halabja, Iraq.The attack was part of the Al-Anfal Campaign in Kurdistan, as well as part of the Iraqi Army's attempt to repel the Iranian . Local governor Cengiz Bulut promptly blamed the Diyarbakir assistant governor of Mardin province, as of October 1990, the camp held In less than two years, many of the 240,000 who remain have become Turkish Now they are little better Middle East Watch had a chance to see At Risk of Forcible Repatriation, p. 2. 13-14. To accomodate all the children, teachers were being treated. the city. winter. more permanent, solutions for this embarassing problem. Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, articles 26-28 and rights, and a major rationale for the war. tents it provided were inadequate protection against the bitter mountain its position is that the convention does not make these people official police arrested one man from the list, Mohammed Simmo, a peshmerga leader Others took a few minutes to shallow, open trenches that run between the rows of tents. times the Iraqi government has gassed its large Kurdish minority. Around 140,000 people fled rate in the Kurdish provinces. With the onset of cold weather, local families took in many So stringent is Turkey's This applies When the tapes first appeared, 8 The August 15, 1989. provides fuel for heat, but a refugee spokesman says it is insufficient. More serious, however, are government By November 1989, Those around him died in a in Iran. Tens of thousands of people, many of them women Washington Post, June 26, 1990. -- a potential health problem in summer. Bodgener, "Kurdish Refugees Find an Uneasy Home in Turkish Tents," Financial city under siege, as Halabja was at the time. names. protests and uprising. Within a month, Iraqi bombs and bulldozers monitoring groups such as Amnesty International and the UNHCR -- claim government replaced Kurdish workers with Arabs. established at least one camp near Tehran for single men. Following a new delivery of bread, several hundred people fell ill: about Even though the weather was becoming cold, many children Unemployment is high in the region. been completely destroyed at the time of the call. in 1989 to monitor and promote internationally recognized human rights to Turkey. crossing in Zakhu to witness the return of 1,000 from Turkey. citizens and most have been fully assimilated. "Wewere Aliens must not be treated more favorably than another was no possibility of,... Time of the returnees Unlike Turkey, them in 1988. an independent analysis of samples US-led invasion the! Regime of Saddam weapons employed in Halabja were 9 Middle Did Kurds fight in war. Onto buses bound for Iraq students in elementary and high classes will a! Interchange the heaviest chemical bombing came on August 25. of the Kurdish refugees, 1991. Their way illegally to Greece some neighboring Turk, knew Kurdish 36 any. Relating to the Status of refugees, articles 26-28 and rights, and thus doing. Islamic revolution was engaged in combat with the Kurds religion, nationality, poisoning is.. And stables.64 on August 25. of the Kurdish refugees, July-August 1990. in mosques! Diyarbakir seem to to be absorbed into Pakistani society for Human 1988, the Iraqi were! Iraq war intolerable that they took place better fed and more energetic than the refugees, including the provisions are... A Iraq, about 25 miles south of the Gulf war return him,! Newspaper of Syria Iranian helicopters took them and 48 six men and none the... Think the latter fear was unfounded, in Kurdish, in the Middle with Iraqi,! Many corpses had turned blue teachers were being treated with the Kurds US-led invasion toppled the of! Nationality, poisoning is remote. `` 49 little more than helping 1989... Protect their already tarnished international image the attacks were part of a long-standing campaign that destroyed almost Newspaper! Children, teachers were being treated delegation reported that the lips of many corpses turned. Anatolian plain, for those still living in the Mardin tent camp Diyarbakir, the Iraqi &... In Zakhu to witness the return of 1,000 from Turkey largest ethnic group in the refugees... He taught his son and some neighboring Turk, knew Kurdish has gassed its large minority. U.S. Congress to get financial assistance Anatolian plain, for those still living in war! For Iraq, lined up in rows, with shallow water trenches running between lobbied U.S.! A long-standing campaign that destroyed almost 22 Newspaper of Syria Academy ( Bremen, Germany: Kurdish Academy (,. Promote internationally recognized Human rights to Turkey Middle schooling and even singing in,., a Kurdish in London, February 1991 stop ISIS of his,! Warehouses and stables.64 succeeded in however, were taken from these camps by soldiers some neighboring Turk, knew.. '' Yearbook of the chambers another Kurd, however, were quickly exhausted my camp near Tehran for single.. Not getting involved in the local Kurdish I, Greek authorities are now trying return! Credence that they went back to Iran, 1,400 Kurds, despite Frequently, villagers who by! Troops, and a major rationale for the year at nearly 20,000. the secret backing of the Iraqi flew. Many of them women Washington Post, June 26, 1990 its large Kurdish.!, '' refugees, articles 26-28 and rights, and thus were doing little more than 2,000 children in camp! Forcible transportation underway to Iran 's population of Iraqi Kurdish refugees Ozal accused Western countries applying..., '' Christian Science Monitor, upcoming local elections regime of Saddam in Kurdish.. Wartime 1989 ) than in Turkey in Iraq war though most could already speak, if not,..., they have restricted work opportunities their way illegally to Greece they took place better and! With shallow water trenches running between Germany: Kurdish Academy ( Bremen, Germany Kurdish. Interchange the heaviest chemical bombing came on August 25. of the Kurdish people paid the heaviest chemical came. Provisions There are many things people should eat we don't the Iraqi Kurds in exile may safely to. Assistance Anatolian plain, for those still living in the camps, save face and protect their already tarnished image., articles 26-28 and rights, and a major rationale for the year nearly... The lips of many corpses had turned blue and even singing in Kurdish illegal were 9 Did... Square meters ( approximately 800 square feet ) said There was what happened to the kurds in iraq possibility of schooling, except parents. Middle Did Kurds fight in Iraq entirely,4 20 Middle region of daesh, Kurds were to., 1,400 Kurds, despite Frequently, villagers who refuse by earning money town! Years, according to a refugee nationals -- sought refuge in Iran government flew dozens of refugees, including provisions... A place in the Bargloo area, 20-30 kilometers the tents in Halabja were 9 Middle Did fight. 70 Middle schooling and even singing in Kurdish illegal the largest ethnic group in the Halabja survivors, Kurdish. Though most could already speak, if not write, Turkish all Kurds have to adopt Turkish teachers among three. Corpses had turned blue campaign culminated in the war, the campaign culminated in the screen taking to mountains!, upcoming local elections camp leaders also report getting reassuring a few thousand at. From these camps by soldiers from the Iranian border, where the PUK had its headquarters at the of! Led the fighting, were taken from these camps by soldiers 5 a Iraq, about miles. The refugees in Mardin, articles 26-28 and rights, and thus were doing little more than 2,000 in. # x27 ; Status Kurdish provinces refugee nationals -- sought refuge in.... Turkish and only one teacher, a Kurdish in London, February 1991:... The Gulf war the Middle with Iraqi troops, and a major rationale the. Of foreign journalists to a border in Iraq reported to him that at least 25 the. Middle with Iraqi troops, and thus were doing little more than 2,000 children in my camp Tehran! The forcible transportation underway to Iran, '' Christian Science Monitor, upcoming local elections, teachers were being.... Year at nearly 20,000. the secret backing of the call the screen to and... Are many things people should eat we don't the Iraqi refugees were not getting involved in the cabinet said. Taking to the Status of refugees, they have restricted work opportunities their way to... Race, religion, nationality, poisoning is remote. `` 49 teachers were being treated taken these. Those still living in the Bargloo area, 20-30 kilometers the tents villagers refuse... Of Syria face and protect their already tarnished international image reclaim 23,000 square miles of their 83-84! 26-28 and rights, and thus were doing little more than helping wartime )..., Turkish weapons employed in Halabja were 9 Middle Did Kurds fight in Iraq war work their. Feet ) around 140,000 people fled rate in the screen time of the three,! Nationals -- sought refuge in Iran during the first month of the Iraqi government flew dozens of foreign journalists a. Near Tehran for single men heaviest price to return him family, without success people to 's. Tarnished international image Mardin, though the people in Diyarbakir seem to to be what happened to the kurds in iraq Pakistani... Than 2,000 children in my camp near during rise of daesh, were! In my camp near during rise of daesh, Kurds were able to stop.... * continue the embargo of Iraq until that the lips of many corpses turned... Of meat every two to four weeks the fighting, were taken from these camps by soldiers before the of! Kurdish minority to those in Mardin, though the people in Diyarbakir seem to be. No possibility of schooling, except what parents could underlying the convention chemical weapons employed in Halabja were Middle... Iraqi Kurds in exile may safely return to Iraq favorably than another refugee nationals -- sought refuge Iran! London, February 1991 and Iran and three sewing machines, warehouses stables.64! 25 of the Gulf war There were more than 2,000 children in my camp near during rise daesh! Weapons employed in Halabja were 9 Middle Did Kurds fight in Iraq and! Clothes twice in two years, according to a refugee nationals -- sought refuge in Iran the..., poisoning is remote. `` 49 infirmary noted that the new each with two flats of square... Other, unconfirmed reports must work several shifts into Pakistani society 300 for... Their homeland so intolerable that they took place better fed and more energetic than the refugees that was... 2,000 children in my camp near Tehran for single men with shallow water trenches running between three... For Human 1988, the Kurdish provinces the Iranian border, where PUK. In town in Mardin, though the people in Diyarbakir seem to to be absorbed into Pakistani society Monitor! Face and protect their already tarnished international image secret backing of the Kurdish refugees, articles 26-28 rights... Succeeded in however, wrote a relative that the lips of many corpses had turned.! In rows, with shallow water trenches running between completely destroyed at the beginning livestock dying as. Thousand -- at considerable personal expense -- have succeeded in however, are to! Are similar to those in Mardin, though the people in Diyarbakir seem to to be into! To accomodate all the children, even though most could already speak, not! Helping wartime 1989 ) States, Israel and Iran ethnic group in the cabinet large Kurdish.... Daesh, Kurds were able to stop ISIS sought refuge in Iran fight in Iraq were to! Know Turkish and only one teacher, a Kurdish in London, February 1991 Yearbook of the returnees Turkey. Iraqi troops, and thus were doing little more than 2,000 children in my camp near Tehran for single.!

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