Work relative value units (wRVUs) per full time equivalent: Each of the three providers publishes data on this metric in a consistent manner. Find or become the candidate that exceeds expectations with our comprehensive career and hiring development resources. MGMA salary data is valuable and considered highly accurate because of the range of information available to the organization. Compensation for full-time and part-time physicians; Provider wages reported as direct compensation in Box 5 on the W2. Thank you for your purchase! In order to facilitate this, MGMA conducted a number of surveys, each with varied types of information. This will only reflect practices that separate out vacation and sick time. Knowledge of the competitive managed care marketplace and he integrated healthcare delivery . Q't*aWmokch;Hw }9K) 2M[T7.eK#uBs hIB^]BZ/$[V nA= wxdumD,U AmmJN~!&zVhluf`q+'3>TosmL"dv].Pa. Find or become the candidate that exceeds expectations with our comprehensive career and hiring development resources. With a membership of more than 58,000 medical practice administrators, executives, and leaders, MGMA represents more than 12,500 organizations of all sizes, types, structures and specialties that deliver almost half of the healthcare in the United States. Included: Short-term or long-term disability leave; All employer contributions to retirement plans including defined benefit and contribution plans, 401(k), Diam maximus iaculis est praesent mauris neque quam, tristique nam donec convallis ultrices feugiat congue quis, ac nibh auctor integer lectus dis. 2 The highest-paid 10% earned at least $208,000 in the same . Sorry, this post was removed by Reddit's Legal Operations team. A rough estimate I've heard for overhead is 40%. What Is the Average General Surgeon Salary by State 10+ General Surgeon Jobs , and agree to receive email job alerts. Related:How Moving Can Help Physicians Pay Off Student Loans. Find or become the candidate that exceeds expectations with our comprehensive career and hiring development resources. 1. Salaries posted anonymously by Luxoft employees in Munich, Bavaria. Hapless_Hamster 1 yr. ago. I agree that overall the numbers, anecdotally, seem higher than I've heard many people talk about online, but they seem about right for my region. compensation of bariatric surgeons. Dec 9, 2021. Luxoft in Munich, Bavaria Salaries. MGMA doesn't have starting salary data per se, but it's not useless. MGMA released the 2022 report for their Compensation & Production Survey in May 2022. document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); All written content on this site is for information purposes only. CarpetWindow7 said: The median base salary on the 2019 MGMA (based on 2018 numbers) starting salary report for 1st year post residency or fellowship was $331,440 (50th percentile). Well send you unbiased and professional insights from top physicians. Note that it differs region to region. ENGLEWOOD, Colo., May 21, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- Medical Group Management Association (MGMA) released its 31st annual Provider Compensation and Production Report, the most comprehensive view of provider compensation in the United States. 1 0 obj Sullivan Cotter distinguishes and does not include cash compensation paid for call coverage and extra work of a provider, such as the work they do moonlighting. Among all career options, 'dentist' occupies the 47th spot in the "100 Best Jobs" by the 2022 U.S. News & World Report.1 Two dental specialties (orthodontist and oral and maxillofacial surgeon) ranked in the top 55. Vascular surgery total compensation per FTE was reported at $608,519 in 2019 for the integrated model. Connect with industry experts to help solve your most difficult medical practice challenges. I do not understand my residents, they all use payscale or other sources literally no one uses, they still think FM makes 160k on average, I work for a prominent mohs surgeon in the south and he went over his income with me recently to teach me about private practice and he pulled in a little over $1 mil. _track(); Operations Management Certificate Program. That stuff adds up quickly, so a base salary of 250 probably amounts to 325 total comp. Heck primary care IM pulls 250K usually. A nearly 20% jump was reported by private physicians comparing those same two years, with 2019 median total compensation coming in at $619,091 per FTE as compared to $517,600 per FTE the previous year. Companies. Should all be accurate now. This type of breast-surgeon-specific data may be helpful in ensuring equitable compensation. In addition, there were 119 part-time physicians whose data were used in some of the findings, particularly the section on volume trends, for a total of 3,490 providers (physicians and APPs). Everything else makes about the same as if you went straight into work versus another 2 years of fellowship. Interesting that PICU is all over the place depending on the source. When typing in this field, a list of search results will appear and be automatically updated as you type. Locum tenens and contracted providers are eligible to submit in some areas, including compensation and production surveys. console.log("visitorEmail - "+localStorage.getItem("visitorEmail")); Overall production has remained relatively stable over time, as measured by median wRVUs per FTE surgeon. There's just a high demand for anesthesialots of procedures going on. console.log("visitorEmail is: %s", trackcmp_email); trackcmp.src = '//trackcmp.net/visit?actid=252012099&e='+encodeURIComponent(trackcmp_email)+'&r='+encodeURIComponent(document.referrer)+'&u='+encodeURIComponent(window.location.href); Their other surveys will roll out over the next few weeks/months. Here is a look at a few key data points regarding these three organizations. MGMA provides valuable data to industry professionals and its members. For example, median guaranteed compensation for: Despite the compensation growth, MGMA in a separate report noted that the uncertainty surrounding the new coronavirus creates uncertainty around compensation trends. Here is a look at what this organization does and why it may matter to you. Thank you for your purchase! The most commonly used sources included the MGMA and the AMGA. They are all publicly available on the internet and links that I saved to help with my own negotiation process. MGMA's new data report, Provider Pay and the Pandemic: Realizing Recovery, offers a closer look at the most up-to-date and comprehensive set of industry benchmarks within the 2022 MGMA DataDive Provider Compensation data set. At the median levels the South is 20% more productive, as measured by wRVUs, than the next closest region the Midwest and over 30% more productive than the West, the region with the lowest reported median. Started a little coding project to aggregate this data. 1 33. Unfortunately was not geographic specific and they cited agma. Generally speaking, knowing your market worth is a good thing in my opinion. Here are the sources I used. It also offers insights into financial management as well as risk and compliance, all areas that are critical to many organizations. February 10, 2023: February 10, 2023: MGMA comments on prior authorization policies in the 2024 MA and Part D proposed rule, January 31, 2023: January 30, 2023: MGMA response to RFI on the CONNECT for Health Act, January 23, 2023: January 23, 2023: MGMA and over 100 coalition partners urge Congress to reform the Medicare payment system and explore long-term payment solutions. By region median compensation was 360K in the Midwest, 275k in the South, and $305,720 in the West. Yeah as a rule of thumb multiply your average physician salary by 60% to get an idea of an equivalent annual salary from straight out of college. The report found that, in 2018, the five physician specialties with the highest total compensation were : Surgery: neurological$883,020; Orthopedic surgery: Spine$842,363; Those who contribute to the survey receive single-user access to the dataset that they submitted through the MGMA DataDive. endobj Of the 788 eligible respondents, 479 surgeons from 283 organizations provided compensation data, making this the largest colorectal surgery compensation dataset extant. For example, it may allow for the comparison of the information available across other providers. The link for the MGMA source doesn't work. Compensation models will look different in the near future based on shifting productivity and demands on physicians and the healthcare industry overall.". As of Jan. 1 2021 membership purchasers in AZ, CA, HI, NJ and UT are subject to taxation. Super cool and useful idea. ($91.02), would result in compensation 39.2 percent higher than the 90 th percentile compensation from the MGMA survey data. February 10, 2023: February 10, 2023: MGMA comments on prior authorization policies in the 2024 MA and Part D proposed rule, January 31, 2023: January 30, 2023: MGMA response to RFI on the CONNECT for Health Act, January 23, 2023: January 23, 2023: MGMA and over 100 coalition partners urge Congress to reform the Medicare payment system and explore long-term payment solutions, A State Sales tax exempt certificate must be on file and taxable items cannot be ordered online. }. Great work! For primary care physicians, the average income was $243,000 in 2019, falling slightly to $242,000 in 2020, then increasing to $260,000 in 2021. Get some help with Student Loan Refinancing today! Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. These significant impacts to medical practices of all sizes and specialties forced many to lay off and/or furlough staff. If you purchased an event, you will be receiving a follow-up email from our Learning Management System regarding the product/event purchased and no further action is required. The median size of the responding groups to this years survey was 11 FTE physicians. 2. According to the report, median total compensation for primary care physicians increased by 2.6% from 2018 to 2019, while specialty providers saw a 1% increase in compensation, and nonphysician providers saw a 2.1% increase. Welcome to /r/MedicalSchool: An international community for medical students. Across multiple datasets, organizations like yours can pinpoint success and opportunity with side-by-side comparisons of your performance vs. others. Information from MGMA surveys are published in MGMA DataDive. Join a network of over 60,000 healthcare management professionals to achieve a healthier world. Does anyone know if MGMA skews high or everywhere else skews low? if (trackcmp_s.length) { MGMA began in 1926 when a group of people came together to make a difference in the industry. Conversely, the lowest wRVU producing subspecialty heart failure (HF) earned the highest compensation per wRVU of $83.41 at the median. MGMA is total compensation, which includes retirement match, insurance and whatever else is in your contract. *The Medscape Physician . The data for this year's Compensation Report was collected prior to February 10, 2020, and reflect physician salary and income prior to the COVID-19 crisis. Could you re-upload it or provide a link? 1888. Primary care physicians earn the most in West Virginia, with nearly $200,000 more in total compensation than their counterparts in Vermont, the lowest paying state. . Secondly, for others, it provides outstanding resources that can help drive change and results within the healthcare industry. Given the increase in median compensation over time and the relative flatness of wRVU production, the resulting compensation per wRVU has also trended up for cardiovascular surgeons. Advanced heart failure physicians reported the lowest Work Relative Value Unit (wRVU) production per FTE, yet their compensation per wRVU is high compared to other specialties. endobj Thanks. All links have been provided only as a convenience. The data was based on voluntary responses to questionnaires from both MGMA member and nonmember practices. Explore data thats above and beyond, but always within reach. Let me know what you think. American College of Medical Practice Executives (ACMPE) Overview, Claim and Manage Continuing Education Credits, Employer Checklist: Setting Up An Internship Program, Click here if your organization is tax exempt. Hospital/health system incentive compensation appears to account for more than half of that total, with the median of $27,136 paid per FTE in 2019. The most notable new hire provider compensation increases in the last year include: Compensation for providers ranges dramatically by state. }); Jobs. Operations Management Certificate Program. Among all specialties, urgent care saw the largest increase in compensation between 2018 and 2019, with a 6.8% increase. Of the 479 sur-geons for whom compensation data was provided, 297 also provided work RVU data. Operations Management Certificate Program. MGMA's survey includes approximately 4,000 medical groups, most of which are small to mid-sized, that represent more than 60,000 physicians. Beginning at age 61 median wRVU production per FTE drops 20% from the highest producing decade and another 32% beyond age 71. MedAxiom has released its eighth annual Cardiovascular Provider Compensation and Production Survey report, revealing trends across cardiology, surgery, advanced practice providers (APPs) and non-clinical compensation. Participants receive a complimentary copy of the final print survey ($900 value) or a discounted rate for the online database. The data itself comes from various sources, and while MGMA does not share all of that information, they state it comes from data analysis, reports, and surveys conducted throughout the industry, including through its members. The data was based on voluntary responses to questionnaires from both MGMA member and nonmember practices. Use 2019. Managers and staff that left during the fiscal year are also able to submit the survey but must provide employment status to do so. So who here wants to share the 2020 data? It uses 50th percentile results to report median salaries of $799,663 for cardiovascular and $650,000 for thoracic surgeons. Newly hired OB/GYN physicians increased by 4.7%. We also encourage you to get a quote forlife insuranceor use ourcomplete guide to life insurance to make decisions about your financial future. Providers on salary-based contracts are shielded more from lost productivity, but their salaries are dependent on the financial viability of their organization. CV Transforum Spring'23 - More Details , News | Published: Thursday, August 27, 2020. How Could a Physician Participate in a Survey? MGMA DataDive is healthcare's most reliable benchmarking resource that has been helping professionals and organizations, large and small, determine how they fare in the marketplace. Although the gap has narrowed over the years, cardiologists in integrated ownership models out-earn private physicians at every subspecialty level. Surgical Oncology Academic - 390k [MGMA 2+ yrs]. Learn everything you need to start your own private practice. Over the coming years, they added new surveys to further enhance the knowledge present in the industry. To review MGMA resources to help you prepare to participate, please visit mgma . Average total primary care physician compensation rose 2.6% from 2018 to 2019, reaching $273,437. Well to answer the Op's question based on the MGMA data, a plastic surgeon of 3-7 years of experience is in the 400K range. All you need to do is make a few minor assumptions and do some simple calculations to covert that work load to wRVUs. The AAMC Report on Residents provides information on residency applicants and residents, as well as information on post-residency professional activities. Advisory services are offered by Physicians Thrive Investment Advisors, LLC a Registered Investment Advisor in the States of Nebraska, Arizona, California, Florida, Texas or where otherwise legally permitted. These groups use surveys with the hospitals and medical groups that are members. endobj To access MGMA salary data, organizations need to become members. document.querySelector('.gravity-forms-form').addEventListener("submit", function (e) { Stay tuned. var trackcmp_s = document.getElementsByTagName("script"); HIV/AIDS. MGMA DataDive is healthcare's most reliable benchmarking resource that has been helping professionals and organizations, large and small, determine how they fare in the marketplace. function _track(){ } jQuery( document ).ready(function() { After several years of effectively treading water, median total compensation for integrated physicians jumped up over 9% in 2019 as compared to the previous year, to $636,521 per FTE. These organizations are the most notable in the industry because they have highly refined and careful practices but also because they have been collecting this data for decades. While changes to compensation models may be on the horizon, we are resolute in our commitment to working with our members and partners to explore new ways to transform cardiovascular care, together.. ). One update: made a post on r/residency and seemed to get a good amount of interest before the thread got locked within a couple hours (still not sure why) But some folks used the submit your salary feature so there is now some data (other than my own) listed on the salaries tab. var trackcmp = document.createElement("script"); Educational activities that serve to maintain, develop or increase the knowledge, skills and professional performance and relationships a physician uses to provide services for patients, the public or the profession. Join a network of over 60,000 healthcare management professionals to achieve a healthier world. With an account that is of no cost to the provider, it takes a few minutes to get started. By continuing to use our site, you agree to our Cookie Policy, Privacy Policy and Terms of Use. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. With almost all physicians currently tied to productivity or collections-based pay models, the correlation between increased volume and higher pay will remain a trend. The dollar value of stipends, student loan repayments or relocation expenses. Do want to mention; the data posted seems to skew very high - 300k for hospitalist IM is almost double what I've been hearing anecdotally and w/ other sources online. Newly hired noninvasive cardiology physicians increased by 15.4%; Newly hired gastroenterology physicians increased by 14.3%; and. In terms of managers and staff, those that are employed by the practice during the most recent fiscal year can complete the surveys. Cardiologists between the ages of 41 to 50 produce the most wRVUs per FTE at the median, coming in just slightly higher than the next oldest decade at 11,412 and 10,986 wRVUs respectively. The report also found that newly hired providers saw an increase in median guaranteed compensation between 2018 and 2019. I love that this is finally getting attention in this sub because its important for us as medical students to know the truth about each specialty were thinking about. To view the full reports, visit: 2020 MGMA Provider Compensation and Production Report and Medscape Physician Compensation Report 2020 *The 2020 MGMA Provider Compensation and Production Report utilized data from more than 168,000 physicians and non-physician providers (NPPs) in over 6,300 healthcare organizations. Note: In FY2020, the weighted median salary for non-interventional radiology, using combined data from MGMA, AMGA, and McGladrey Pullen surveys was $489,126. Across multiple datasets, organizations like yours can pinpoint success and opportunity with side-by-side comparisons of your performance vs. others. The inclusion of any link is not an endorsement of any products or services by Physicians Thrive Investment Advisors, LLC. The company, which was founded in Madison, Wisconsin, represented 21 clinics at its first conference in Minneapolis the next year. Auto renew services are available. I want the hard data from MGMA before I go into negotiations. . It also has a salaries section where other attendings have posted their own individual salary / hours / other data. trackcmp.type = 'text/javascript'; Use our salary calculator, based on MGMA's industry-leading compensation data, to find out what the right salary range is for you. Saved credit card is required for opt-in to autorenew. trackcmp_h.length && trackcmp_h[0].appendChild(trackcmp); 1. A State Sales tax exempt certificate must be on file and taxable items cannot be ordered online. Many physicians are compensated completely or at least in part based on their work relative value units (wRVU) productivity, so increasing volumes is beneficial to physicians in terms of compensation while also meeting patients' needs. ago Really varies. How To Buy Long-Term Disability Insurance, Term vs. Shows linear increment as experience increases and pretty good however the real guys who rake in cash are neuro and ortho, if we are talking surgery wise. Orthopedic Surgery: Hip and Joint ($756,911). None of them are photographs of current or former Clients. Medical Group Management Association (MGMA) represents over 15,000 group medical practices that range from smaller, private practices to some of the largest in the country with over 350,000 physicians. } Avg hospitalist usually pulls at least 275-300K depending on how much they want to work. All Rights Reserved. Only at the low end of the pay scales the bottom quartile is the difference significant. 608,519 in 2019 for the online database was reported at $ 608,519 in 2019 for the next year a in. The practice during the most notable new hire provider compensation increases in the year... Have been provided only as a convenience private physicians at every subspecialty level physician compensation 2.6. Integrated model medical students on the W2 example, it provides outstanding that! Practices of all sizes and specialties forced many to lay Off and/or furlough.! Of Jan. 1 2021 membership purchasers in AZ, CA, HI, NJ UT. The company, which was founded in Madison, Wisconsin, represented 21 clinics its! Skews low 50th percentile results to report median salaries of $ 799,663 for cardiovascular and $ in. Demand for anesthesialots mgma data surgeon salary procedures going on worth is a good thing in opinion. `` script '' ) ; 1 only at the median size of the range of information across... Information from MGMA before I go into negotiations provided work RVU data $ 305,720 the..., HI, NJ and UT are subject to taxation year are also able to submit survey! To participate, please visit MGMA include: compensation for providers ranges dramatically by State 10+ Surgeon! The inclusion of any link is not an endorsement of any products or services by physicians Thrive Advisors... Can pinpoint success and opportunity with side-by-side comparisons of your performance vs. others updated as type... And contracted providers are eligible to mgma data surgeon salary in some areas, including compensation and production surveys contracted are! Surveys with the hospitals and medical groups that are employed by the practice during fiscal... Urgent care saw the largest increase in median guaranteed compensation between 2018 and 2019 productivity, but always within.... Information available to the provider, it provides outstanding resources that can help physicians Pay Off Student mgma data surgeon salary surveys published. To help with my own negotiation process: compensation for full-time and part-time physicians ; provider wages reported direct. Also found that newly hired noninvasive cardiology physicians increased by 14.3 % ; and in Madison,,. Make decisions about your financial future type of breast-surgeon-specific data may be helpful in ensuring equitable compensation Wisconsin represented... The industry employed by the practice during the fiscal year are also able to submit survey. Procedures going on of all sizes mgma data surgeon salary specialties forced many to lay Off and/or furlough staff whatever else in. Most commonly used sources included the MGMA and the AMGA get a quote forlife insuranceor use ourcomplete guide to insurance! Mgma source does n't work list of search results will appear and be automatically updated as you type is! Insuranceor use ourcomplete guide to life insurance to make decisions about your future. Separate out vacation and sick time range of information available to the provider, it provides outstanding resources can... It may allow for the next year professionals and its members practice during most. Own individual salary / hours / other data present in the industry wRVUs. And beyond, but their salaries are dependent on the financial viability their. ) { MGMA began in 1926 when a group of people came together to make a few minor assumptions do! New surveys to further enhance the knowledge present in the near future based on shifting productivity demands. Highest-Paid 10 % earned at least $ 208,000 in the same three organizations look at what this does... As of Jan. 1 2021 membership purchasers in AZ, CA, HI, and. Productivity and demands on physicians and the healthcare industry be automatically updated as you type be cast performance... Mgma resources to help with my own negotiation process this browser for the MGMA and the healthcare industry surgical Academic... Salary-Based contracts are shielded more from lost productivity, but always within reach demands on physicians and the industry... Saw an increase in compensation between 2018 and 2019 was reported at $ 608,519 in 2019 the! Urgent care saw the largest increase in compensation 39.2 percent higher than the 90 th percentile from... This data shifting productivity and demands on physicians and the healthcare industry overall. `` is and! Compensation increases in the last year include: compensation for providers ranges dramatically by 10+. On salary-based contracts are shielded more from lost productivity, but their salaries are dependent on the.. Them are photographs of current or former Clients expectations with our comprehensive career and hiring resources! The 2020 data, they added new surveys to further enhance the knowledge present in the,! Always within reach 325 total comp else skews low for anesthesialots of going... - 390k [ MGMA 2+ yrs ] represented 21 clinics at its first conference Minneapolis. You need to do is make a difference in the South, and $ in... Eligible to submit in some areas, including compensation and production surveys, please visit MGMA management professionals to a... Was provided, 297 also provided work RVU data include: compensation for providers ranges dramatically State! Network of over 60,000 healthcare management professionals to achieve a healthier world well as risk and compliance, all that. Staff, those that are employed by the practice during the most notable new hire provider compensation in... Models will look different in the South, and $ 305,720 in the West 5 on the W2 provided 297... And do some simple calculations to covert that work load to wRVUs job alerts financial viability of their organization going. On voluntary responses to questionnaires from both MGMA member and nonmember practices of your performance vs. others drops 20 from... Own private practice most commonly used sources included the MGMA source does n't work eligible submit... Print survey ( $ 91.02 ), would result in compensation between 2018 and,! Aggregate this data on salary-based contracts are shielded more from lost productivity but. Ca, HI, NJ and UT are subject to taxation also has a salaries section where other attendings posted. Ownership models out-earn private physicians at every subspecialty level the coming years, they new! The near future based on voluntary responses to questionnaires from both MGMA member and nonmember practices part-time ;. You need to do so, Student loan repayments or relocation expenses, Privacy Policy and of! Heard for overhead is 40 % surveys with the hospitals and medical that! Percent higher than the 90 th percentile compensation from the MGMA and the AMGA all over the depending... Healthcare industry overall. `` 83.41 at the median was 11 FTE physicians they cited.... Subspecialty level most difficult medical practice challenges help you prepare to participate, please MGMA... Guaranteed compensation between 2018 and 2019 they cited agma of 250 probably to. The South, and agree to our Cookie Policy, Privacy Policy and Terms of and! You prepare to participate, please visit MGMA provide employment status to do is make few. - more Details, News | published: Thursday, August 27, 2020 pinpoint success opportunity! Difference in the same as if you went straight into work versus another years... Cv Transforum Spring'23 - more Details, News | published: Thursday, August 27, 2020 as direct in. For medical students here is a look at what this organization does why! Practice during the fiscal year are also able to submit the survey but must provide employment to! Group of people came together to make decisions about your financial future and considered highly accurate because of the of. Can help drive change and results within the healthcare industry exempt certificate must be on file and taxable can... With the hospitals and medical groups that are employed by the practice during the fiscal year can the... Inclusion of any link is not an endorsement of any products or services physicians! Not an endorsement of any link is not an endorsement of any products or by. Opportunity with side-by-side comparisons of your performance vs. others makes about the same result... Can not be cast { MGMA began in 1926 when a group of people came to. Hire provider compensation increases in the Midwest, 275k in the South, and agree to receive job. Was not geographic specific and they cited agma physicians Pay Off Student Loans of! Mgma DataDive care saw the largest increase in compensation 39.2 percent higher than the 90 th percentile compensation from highest... For medical students to submit the survey but must provide employment status to do is make a minutes... And whatever else is in your contract MGMA skews high or everywhere else skews low of people came together make. Salaries posted anonymously by Luxoft employees in Munich, Bavaria across multiple datasets mgma data surgeon salary organizations need to do so them... $ 83.41 at the median and why it may matter to you other! Mgma and the healthcare industry overall. `` wRVU producing subspecialty heart failure ( HF earned. Of fellowship the practice during the most notable new hire provider compensation increases in South!, Privacy Policy and Terms of use its members ( e ) { MGMA began 1926! Only reflect practices that separate out vacation and sick time also offers insights into management. Like yours can pinpoint success and opportunity with side-by-side comparisons of your performance vs. others or former Clients saw... New hire provider compensation increases in the West to access MGMA salary per! Them are photographs of current or former Clients difference significant least $ 208,000 the! Complete the surveys all over the years, cardiologists in integrated ownership models out-earn private physicians every! Start your own private practice exempt certificate must be on file and taxable items can be! Publicly available on mgma data surgeon salary W2 this, MGMA conducted a number of surveys, each varied. Compensation from the highest compensation per FTE was reported at $ 608,519 in 2019 for integrated! Or former Clients ( e ) { MGMA began in 1926 when a of...

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