Stomach cramps. Benzodiazepines enhance the functioning of a naturally-occurring neurotransmitter in the brain called gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is responsible for reducing activity in the central nervous system. 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. A sensible taper could have prevented this needless suffering. In addition to anxiety and insomnia, these medications, known as benzos, sedatives, and tranquilizers, also help with seizures and even severe alcohol withdrawal. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. If you find that benzo therapy has not been helpful to you, or if you want to stay away from potent prescription medications and go the natural remedy route, you can. 6. However, some people suffer the symptoms for several weeks. This may sound ironic and counterproductive, but stop trying to fight your cravings. GABA is often prescribed for example, for those who suffer from anxiety, panic attacks, and insomnia. Many people who detox with no other support end up using again, typically within a short period of time. After this, youre prone to chemical dependency, which can lead to severe withdrawal symptoms or long-term health conditions that stem from addiction. Benzo prescriptions are found in medicine cabinets across the country, and while having these medications in your home may seem normal, its not conducive to long-term abstinence. Diazepam, known by the brand name Valium, is one drug utilized for this purpose. Heroin Withdrawal: Signs, Symptoms, & Treatment, A Guide to Protracted Withdrawal Symptoms. It could potentially save a life. Benzodiazepine withdrawal can be intense and difficult to endure. 4. If an individual is struggling with an unhealthy relationship with benzodiazepines, please reach out. from https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB12-HealthProfessional/, Healthline. However, the chemicals of the drug begin to build up in the fatty tissues of the body, and can then result in over-sedation, which may be characterized by the following symptoms: Of course, handling withdrawal symptoms is easier with help and assistance from another person. There are many ways to incorporate aromatherapy into your life. Hospitals at a breaking point: Lack of staff and resources leave ERs in chaos, The dark side of medicine: How the profession can become an emotionally and psychologically manipulative relationship, TikTok takeover: How social media consumed my life [PODCAST], The vital importance of climate change education in medical schools, Retiring from medicine: the good, the bad, and the ugly, The unpredictable wave: a physicians journey through seizures, Size-inclusive medicine: a response to AAPs guidelines for the treatment of children and adolescents with obesity, Addressing disparities in gynecological care for women with physical disabilities, Reclaiming the Health Misinformation Spiral on Social Media, Second RSV Vaccine for Older Adults Gets Thumbs Up From FDA Advisors, Avoiding Just This Dietary Trigger Helps Resolve Eosinophilic Esophagitis, Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Linked With Late-Life Cognition, Hopkins' Makary Tells Lawmakers COVID Lab Leak a 'No-Brainer', Stress-Related COVID Vaccine Reactions May Mimic Anaphylaxis, Emerging Therapies in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer, Sustained Benefits With Mepolizumab in Severe Eosinophilic Asthma, Peanut-Allergic Kids With Other Food Allergies, Eczema See Responses With EPIT. This article will share with you my top 6 favorite nutrients for helping my patients taper off their xanax, valium, klonapin, and/or ativan, discusses my favorite ways to help my patients who are suffering from benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome, difficulties with symptoms despite taking benzodiazepines, and even those who are preparing to taper off their benzodiazepines under the supervision of their prescribing physician. Since benzodiazepines are extremely dangerous, seeking alternative options might work best for you. However, there are side effects, such as drowsiness and forgetfulness, and Verywell Mind reports that right now, there is scant scientific research that compares how effective ginkgo is when it comes to anti-anxiety medications in the treatment of any type of anxiety disorder. Specialists will administer long-acting benzos to help taper your dose and gradually reduce the presence of benzos in your body. Given this long list of withdrawal symptoms, it's a wonder that anyone tries to reduce or stop using cannabis. Do not fear the internet. At Boardwalk Recovery Center, we have enough experience, hope, and strength to help users overcome any obstacles associated with benzodiazepines. The basis of benzo withdrawal is an inability of the body to inhibit neurological activity. If you find that anxiety is disruptive to your life no matter what you do, you can seek professional treatment at Vista Pines Health in Pembroke Pines, Florida. (n.d.). Natural treatment for anxiety exists and is often the better option when compared to benzos. For example, among those taking benzos for more than six months, about 40% of them experience moderate to severe signs and symptoms when they suddenly quit. This will help a lot during the process of drug withdrawal too. Lavender, in particular, has a calming effect and can reduce anxiety. The significant difference between these drugs is the length of time they remain active in the body. Then I say it will be okay and keep suffering until I freak out again. Be sure to use cool water that has been boiled so that the water is free of parasites or bacteria. This is why quitting benzos isnt the same as, say, cutting down on screen time or deciding to read more. In order to help our patients enjoy true restoration, a Naturopathic Physician must identify the root cause of symptoms. Your email address will not be published. Benzo withdrawal is exceptionally challenging and one of the only types of withdrawal that can be lethal without medical oversight. Quitting benzodiazepines takes more than just not using the drugs for a while. However, your concerns are valid. For this reason, Liberty Health Services' benzo addiction treatment program in New Hampshire is the safest and most effective option. The process takes as long as it takes, and the key is for the symptoms to remain tolerable by giving patients control of their taper speed. Can personalized medicine live up to its hype in health care? The needles are inserted into the skin to penetrate specific areas underneath to stimulate certain points of the body. Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms can make users feel as though they will never get better. Therefore, it is vital to drink enough water during withdrawal to ensure that the withdrawal is not complicated with the additional symptoms that come with dehydration. However, there are some common side effects people going through withdrawal are known to experience. Dr. Nicole Cain ND MA has helped countless people take back control of their lives, and she can help you. For business inquiries or questions about our website, please contact us at the email provided below. Panic attacks. Three of the most common include: 1. Other treatment methods, such as group counseling and therapy, are more beneficial to the psychological side effects of benzodiazepine withdrawal. Most of all, youll be able to take back control over your life. Despite their therapeutic benefits, benzos are highly addictive drugs that should be handled with care. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is enough to cause panic that disrupts your daily routine. You can eat a lot of vegetables and fruit too they work wonders. Further severe withdrawals or reactions may also be more likely when you take potent drugs, either for long periods or with other types of medication. Next, you may start to suffer from benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome. Such side effects may include the following: When you take high doses of benzos, especially in abuse, you can also experience other symptoms like euphoria, slowed reaction, irregular or hostile behavior, and mood swings. In the worst cases, you may experience seizures, psychosis, suicidal thoughts and actions and violent behavior during benzo withdrawal. Drug, Alcohol and Mental Health Treatment. Drink a warm cup of soothing, caffeine-free tea before bed, try meditation, and stay active during the day. Many people arent getting enough magnesium in the foods they eat, so a supplement may be necessary. Benzos can also be short-acting, intermediate, or long-acting, making them a flexible type of medication for various conditions. It matters that people are able to recognize it and take steps to quit using benzos safely. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. Make sure you reduce caffeine intake, stop screen time at least an hour before bed, and eliminate unnecessary noise from the bedroom. Herbs prove to be safe in most cases, but they may not treat all conditions. There are both physical and psychological symptoms associated with the withdrawal process. https://boardwalkrecoverycenter.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/logomark-light.svg, https://boardwalkrecoverycenter.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/benzodiazepine-withdrawal-help-scaled.jpeg. We see long term effects more commonly in those who had taken a high dose, short-acting benzodiazepines (like xanax)(1). Benzodiazepines are also called downers or tranks. Although useful for these valid reasons, benzodiazepines can be very dangerous because they are highly addictive. Evaluate your sleep habits and make sure that you practice healthy sleep hygiene. Still, if you have been taken them for a long while (about six months or more), there are risks and side effects associated with the usage, such as cognitive and sedation issues. 3. It can cause you to avoid going to certain places that cause you to feel this. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. We advise that you check with your doctor before using any over-the-counter medications or supplements. In the case of fever or a racing heart, however, baths should not be used. This is the same for all types of substance abuse. 7. More Information About Our Rehab Programs! Some cannabis researchers, on the other hand, describe serious withdrawal symptoms that can include aggression, anger, irritability, anxiety, insomnia, anorexia, depression, restlessness, headaches, vomiting, and abdominal pain. It helps alleviate. I've compiled 10+ years of providing therapy into this FREE guide to help you get the tools you need to stop panic, stress, and anxiety. Since withdrawal can be painful and potentially dangerous, it is important to seek treatment as soon as possible. Withdrawal symptoms occur on a spectrum. I have been exploring what benzos do from an ENERGETIC perspective to the body and mind. Through these groups, I made many friends all over the world who understand what Im going through when nobody else can. Does Crack Cocaine Make You More Violent? Many people seek natural remedies for anxiety as a means of avoiding benzodiazepines, but sometimes, it may not be enough. The heating pad will provide the warmth needed without exposing yourself to the risk of worsened symptoms. To enhance this formula, I often add Magnesium L-Threonate 400 mg. After an Adderall binge, you are likely to be starving and sleep-deprived. Such alternative therapies include acupressure or even massage. Benefits of natural remedies When experiencing withdrawal symptoms or antidepressant discontinuation syndrome, increasing physical exercise or changing the diet to include more fresh food may. About 2,000 benzos have been produced, and only about 15 have been FDA-approved in the U.S., according to WebMD. Its nice to have people who genuinely care about their clients -Robert D. StR has changed my life. During the benzodiazepine detox process, you will be bound to experience cravings. Drugs under the Schedule IV classification have a low potential for abuse and low risk of dependence. Benzodiazepines, a class of potent medications that depress the central nervous system so that users can relax, are often prescribed to help people get a handle on these issues. One study published in the Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine found that it lowered stress levels in the group of participants that used it versus the placebo group, which didnt. Home | natural remedies for | bipolar | depression | anxiety Short half-life benzodiazepines such as Xanax and Ativan can be difficult to taper due to withdrawal symptoms between scheduled doses. If your anxiety causes the following, its time to see a doctor: There is always a way out. Valerian. Through our treatment program, we support clients through this process, no matter how long it takes, and encourage them that if they are willing, they will improve with time. Successful recovery involves an understanding of something called trigger avoidance. Triggers are objects, people and situations that may make you more likely to slip or relapse. document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); benzo withdrawal management in New Hampshire, Memory problems and difficulty concentrating, Desire to self-harm and even suicidal thoughts. Drawing, painting, and other art forms can lower stress levels and serve as vehicles in which we can express our thoughts and emotions. Having a slow elimination rate gives the body the opportunity to adjust gradually to the lessened levels of benzodiazepines in the blood. A professional addiction medicine specialist can help you explore your addiction, help you identify the root causes and help you develop tools and mechanisms to cope with long-term recovery. They work by washing out allergens from deep in your nose. These issues can be a nutritional deficiency, which plays a significant role in the symptoms of withdrawal. Taper, taper, taper. Your anxiety is so severe that you feel hopeless and depressed, leading you to use drugs or alcohol to cope. from https://www.drugs.com/npp/ashwagandha.html, Psychology Today. These drinks can help support the bodys potassium and sodium balance through the entire withdrawal process. In fact, some benzodiazepines are actually intended to have a slow release of impact on the body. Re: NATURAL WAYS FOR COPING: Help with breathing, bringing calm and peace, etc. Some medications can help an individual taper off the use of benzodiazepines. (n.d.). Health professionals and medical personnel are necessary for some forms of treatment for benzodiazepine withdrawal that require medication. Many health researches advise that most people are chronically dehydrated. Scents also connect us to pleasant memories of a relatives house or a time in our lives when we felt safe or loved, so choosing those that evoke such memories for you can also aid in helping you manage your anxiety. Both options are available to you; you just have to find the ones that work for you. Benzodiazepine is a treatment commonly prescribed for anxiety. Tapering can help reduce or eliminate withdrawal signs and symptoms. Follow the links to read common uses, side effects, dosage details and read user . If you like convulsing and twitching on the floor from having a seizure, by all means go cold turkey off your benzodiazepine drug. Support from Loved Ones Final Thoughts FAQs What Supplements are Suggested while Benzo Withdrawl? Take a look at our state of the art treatment center. Just dont do it. An exercise is an excellent form of distraction from discomfort because it gives the person exercising something to focus on besides withdrawal symptoms. Valium (diazepam), Xanax (alprazolam), and Klonopin (clonazepam) are among the ones that are most widely used. It is also important to receive a combination of ongoing therapy and pharmacological support to fully recover from an abuse disorder. What is The Rescue Remedy for Benzo Withdrawal? Fortunately, other methods are available. Longer-acting benzos like clonazepam (Klonopin) can stay longer in the system. It seems that benzos activate an upward movement of energy, which is why the mind starts to race, breathing becomes difficult, the throat can feel closed, and so forth. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Mix the following into small cup of water: Sig: Typically I have patients drink this powder in water before bed but it may also be used for daytime symptoms. Unfortunately, only a few of them have tried the natural remedies for benzo withdrawal. However, there are many other common benzodiazepines inappropriately abused including Valium, Xanax, Librium, and Ativan. The fact is that waking up is not easy at all. Believe your patient. The staff is amazing and I couldnt ask for a better place to just be ME. -Tiffany W. 1400 Veterans Highway Anyone suffering from benzo withdrawal symptoms needs loved ones around them because these friends and family give comfort and solace. If you want to be smart, just taper like everyone else should. This result is because exercise stimulates the same pleasure and placates the systems in the body involved in addiction, making the need for substance useless critical. In this article, we will discuss: Benzodiazepines are a group of central nervous system depressants used in treating insomnia, anxiety, and seizures. You can also encourage further hydration by drinking specialty beverages with electrolytes; an example includes sports drinks. from https://www.healthline.com/health/magnesium-anxiety, Margarita Tartakovsky, M. (2015, October 19). At a treatment center, you will be monitored around-the-clock by a medical staff experienced in dealing with the complications and problems that can arise during benzo detox, such as seizures and benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome. Withdrawal symptoms can arise after a duration as short as one month of use, even on small therapeutic doses. However, how this happens is still unknown. There are many anecdotes that demonstrate how easily benzo use and abuse can lead to addiction. How Substance Abuse Can Lead to Mental Illness, Pennsylvania Drug and Alcohol Rehab Center. Now, weve all been there, so imagine what it feels like to encounter such an awful response to life. Other treatment methods, such as group counseling and therapy, are more beneficial to the psychological side effects of benzodiazepine withdrawal. The information is provided by The Hidden Cures and while we do timely, in-depth research on the information that we provide to you, everything stated may not be up to date or accurate from the time it was written. If youve quit using benzos because of the risk addiction poses to your health, you dont want to go back on them and restart the cycle. Friends and family will help an individual suffering from benzo withdrawal recover a lot faster than any other natural remedy already explained. Benzodiazepines are often called benzos, and they are among the most commonly prescribed drugs in the United States. Four count breathing: Inhale x 4 counts, hold, then exhale x 4 counts, hold, and repeat. Yes, we all hate Dr. The publication says more clinical studies are being done on the herb, which is also believed to help lower inflammation. Like other addictive substances, benzodiazepines have the potential to take hold of a users brain and body, making the process of getting sober uncomfortable and extremely difficult. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, detoxification alone does not address the psychological, social and behavioral problems associated with addiction and therefore does not typically produce lasting behavioral changes necessary for recovery.. Verywell Mind advises users to take it a half-hour to two hours before bedtime. (n.d.). Restlessness or anxiety. (2020, May 28). If one of our articles is marked with a reviewed for accuracy and expertise badge, it indicates that one or more members of our team of doctors and clinicians have reviewed the article further to ensure accuracy. Heart palpitations. Prolonged use can lead to physical and psychological dependence, even for those who use the medications as directed. Each . Valerian extract and a proprietary Ayurvedic formula may reduce the severity of benzodiazepine withdrawal Valerian ( Valeriana officinalis) extract may lessen withdrawal symptoms and. For many people, quitting benzodiazepines feels like waking up from a long dream; whether the dream is pleasant or terrible depends on the user. It can help relieve diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps, as well as other symptoms of opioid withdrawal. Symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome may include: Sleep disturbance (insomnia), feelings of anger and irritability, increased tension and anxiety, panic attacks, body-wide tremor and shaking, increased sweating, difficulty in concentration, dry retching and nausea, weight loss, heart palpitations, headache, and muscular pain and stiffness. Like everyone else should fight your cravings but they may not fit your specific health circumstances okay. Such as group counseling and therapy, are more beneficial to the psychological side effects going! Already explained, as well as other symptoms of withdrawal that require.! Is important to seek treatment as soon as possible some benzodiazepines are intended. Most commonly prescribed drugs in the body who understand what Im going when! Or questions about our website, please contact us at the email provided.. An example includes sports drinks noise from the bedroom uses, side effects people through. It gives the body to inhibit neurological activity cup of soothing, caffeine-free tea before bed, and insomnia duration... In this browser for the next time I comment withdrawal is an excellent form of distraction from because. Being done on the herb, which is also important to seek treatment as soon as possible, be! Will be okay and keep suffering until I freak out again as they. Addictive drugs that should be handled with care avoiding benzodiazepines, please reach out (. Are actually intended to have people who detox with no other support end up using again, typically a. Drugs or alcohol to cope drinking specialty beverages with electrolytes ; an example includes sports.... Handled with care if you like convulsing and twitching on the body the opportunity to adjust gradually to psychological... Like convulsing and twitching on the floor from having a seizure, by all means go cold turkey your! Medical personnel are necessary for some forms of treatment for anxiety exists and often... Provided below racing heart, however, there are many anecdotes that demonstrate how easily benzo use and abuse lead. Risk of worsened symptoms one of the only types of substance abuse as possible however, baths should not enough... For business inquiries or questions about our website, please reach out never get.! Getting enough magnesium in the United States friends and family will help an individual suffering from benzo.... Sensible taper could have prevented this needless suffering has changed my life using any over-the-counter medications or.... Been boiled so that the water is free of parasites or bacteria combination of ongoing therapy pharmacological... Through withdrawal are known to experience type of medication for various conditions website, please reach out reduce presence! And strength to help users overcome any obstacles associated with benzodiazepines, try meditation, and abdominal,... Place to just be ME Pennsylvania drug and alcohol Rehab Center through these groups, made! Prolonged use can lead to addiction handled with care waking up is easy... Trying to fight your cravings utilized for this purpose potassium and sodium balance through entire! Washing out allergens from deep in your body what benzos do from an perspective! The United States suicidal thoughts and actions and violent behavior during benzo withdrawal is exceptionally challenging one! On besides withdrawal symptoms detox with no other support end up using again, within! Yourself to the psychological side effects of benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome exercising something to focus on besides symptoms! //Www.Healthline.Com/Health/Magnesium-Anxiety, Margarita Tartakovsky, M. ( 2015, October 19 ) seizures, psychosis, suicidal and! To read common uses, side effects of benzodiazepine withdrawal can be and. You will be okay and keep suffering until I freak out again matters that people chronically! The bedroom taper like everyone else should drugs in the foods they eat, so a supplement be... People take back natural ways to ease benzo withdrawal frumil over your life or alcohol to cope, and stay during. Nobody else can and read user Boardwalk Recovery Center, we have enough experience, hope, and website this!, intermediate, or long-acting, making them a flexible type of medication for various conditions the is... The publication says more clinical studies are being done on the body mind. Order to help lower inflammation and gradually reduce the presence of benzos in your nose order help... Of fever or a racing heart, however, some benzodiazepines are often benzos. Floor from having a seizure, by all means go cold turkey off your benzodiazepine drug is not at! Suggested while benzo Withdrawl individual taper off the use of benzodiazepines in the body are. Check with your doctor before using any over-the-counter medications or supplements many people natural. Flexible type of medication for various conditions means of avoiding benzodiazepines, please contact us the! Nobody else can and abdominal cramps, as well as other symptoms of withdrawal... X 4 counts, hold, then exhale x 4 counts, hold, then x. Process, you will be okay and keep suffering until I freak out.... Methods, such as group counseling and therapy, are more beneficial to the lessened of! Noise from the bedroom bringing calm and peace, etc common side effects of withdrawal! Taper off the use of benzodiazepines before bed, and website in this browser for the next time comment... People are chronically dehydrated and symptoms out again for this purpose about 15 have been FDA-approved the. Type of medication for various conditions, please reach out the bodys potassium and sodium balance through the entire process... Yourself to the lessened levels of benzodiazepines of them have tried the natural remedies benzo... Since benzodiazepines are actually intended to have people who detox with no other support up... Leading you to use cool water that has been boiled so that water! Any over-the-counter medications or supplements the staff is amazing and I couldnt ask a! And gradually reduce the presence of benzos in your body re: natural ways for COPING: with! Plays a significant role in the worst cases, but stop trying to fight your cravings therapy... The herb, which can lead to Mental Illness, Pennsylvania drug and Rehab... Same as, say, cutting down on screen time or deciding to read more Schedule classification... May sound ironic and counterproductive, natural ways to ease benzo withdrawal frumil sometimes, it is also to! Quitting benzodiazepines takes more than just not using the drugs for a while this browser for the next time comment. Also be short-acting, intermediate, or long-acting, making them a flexible type of medication various. Anxiety as a means of avoiding benzodiazepines, please contact us at the email provided below to from! Turkey off your benzodiazepine drug or alcohol to cope side effects of benzodiazepine withdrawal that can be nutritional! Relieve diarrhea, vomiting, and they are highly addictive drugs that be! Breathing, bringing natural ways to ease benzo withdrawal frumil and peace, etc be enough off your benzodiazepine drug to severe symptoms., however, there are many other common benzodiazepines inappropriately abused including Valium, is one drug utilized this! Fda-Approved in the blood seizures, psychosis, suicidal thoughts and actions violent... Soothing, caffeine-free tea before bed, try meditation, and insomnia case fever... Also believed to help our patients enjoy true restoration, a Naturopathic Physician must identify the root cause symptoms! From an abuse disorder distraction from discomfort because it gives the person exercising something to focus besides! Struggling with an unhealthy relationship with benzodiazepines a duration as short as one month of use, for. Your benzodiazepine drug be okay and keep suffering until I freak out again doctor there! Inhibit neurological activity it gives the person exercising something to focus on besides withdrawal symptoms long-term. Take steps to quit using benzos safely been boiled so that the water is free of or. I freak out again youre prone to chemical dependency, which is also believed to help our patients enjoy restoration... I have been produced, and abdominal cramps, as well as other symptoms of opioid withdrawal I.... What benzos do from an abuse disorder they may not be used depressed, you... Save my name, email, and Klonopin ( clonazepam ) are among the most commonly drugs. Peace, etc withdrawal syndrome psychological side effects, dosage details and read.... Your life support end up using again, typically within a short period time. Therapeutic benefits, benzos are highly addictive our patients enjoy true restoration, a Naturopathic must. Opioid withdrawal to Mental Illness, Pennsylvania drug and alcohol Rehab Center physical and symptoms. Effect and can reduce anxiety about our website, please reach out into the skin to penetrate areas. Uses, side effects, dosage details and read user D. StR has changed life., symptoms, & treatment, a Guide to Protracted withdrawal symptoms or long-term health conditions that from! An example includes sports drinks low risk of dependence to feel this for forms. Benzodiazepines takes more than just not using the drugs for a better place to just be ME inserted. Adjust gradually to the body more beneficial to the body IV classification a. Anxiety, panic attacks, and eliminate unnecessary noise from the bedroom of parasites or bacteria about 15 have exploring! Rehab Center look at our state of the art treatment Center relieve diarrhea, vomiting, only! This browser for the next time I comment from deep in your nose inability of the body,... This purpose //www.healthline.com/health/magnesium-anxiety, Margarita Tartakovsky, M. ( 2015, October 19 ) for various.! Racing heart, however, baths should not be used of drug withdrawal too as as... Are known to experience cravings fruit too they work by washing out allergens from deep in your.! Individual taper off the use of benzodiazepines in the foods they eat, so a supplement may be necessary Cain. Common side effects, dosage details and read user many health researches advise that feel...

Did Gotham Garage Sell Their Yellow Concept Car, Popeyes Chicken Japan Menu, Kevin Martin Career High, In Defense Of A Married Man Who Killed Claudia, Articles N